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A Load Aware Routing Protocol for Mobile Ad hoc Networks

Yasser A. Dahab, Hesham N. Elmahdy, Imane A. Saroit

Abstract


The Ad hoc On-Demand Distance Vector (AODV) routing protocol is an efficient Mobile Ad hoc NETworks (MANETs) routing protocol. It uses hop count as a metric for the path selection. AODV does not support Quality of Service (QoS) and neither any load-balancing mechanism. The performance of the network can be improved by using a load balancing mechanism. Such a mechanism transfers jobs from overloaded nodes to under loaded nodes. In this paper, we propose a new protocol called “Load-Aware AODV” (LA-AODV), to provide QoS and load-balancing features. LA-AODV is based on AODV, where protocol messages extensions are used to accomplish QoS and load-balancing features. LA-AODV is a cross-layer solution that works in conjunction with a QoS-based MAC layer. It uses only local information and does not require any additional communication or co-operation between nodes. The path selection in LA-AODV is based on the current MAC load of the nodes. The proposed protocol selects the path with the minimum MAC load based on a metric called “MAC load indicator”. We show through simulations that LA-AODV outperforms AODV in terms of received packets, delay, and routing overhead.

Keywords


Ad hoc Networks, MANET, AODV, LA-AODV, Load balance, QoS, DCF, EDCA, DAA-EDCA, Cross Layer.

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References


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